Predicting Core Electron Binding Energies in Elements of the First Transition Series Using the $\Delta$-Self-Consistent-Field Method

TL;DR

This study evaluates the $ ext{Δ}$SCF method for calculating transition metal 2p core electron binding energies, revealing element-dependent errors that can be corrected for improved accuracy across the first transition series.

Contribution

It extends the application of the $ ext{Δ}$SCF method to heavier transition metals and introduces element-specific corrections to enhance accuracy.

Findings

MAE of 0.73 eV for TM 2p binding energies without correction

Error depends mainly on the element, not the chemical environment

Element-specific correction reduces MAE to 0.20 eV

Abstract

The $\Delta$-Self-Consistent-Field ($\Delta$SCF) method has been established as an accurate and computationally efficient approach for calculating absolute core electron binding energies for light elements up to chlorine, but relatively little is known about the performance of this method for heavier elements. In this work, we present $\Delta$SCF calculations of transition metal (TM) 2$p$ core electron binding energies for a series of 60 molecular compounds containing the first row transition metals Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe and Co. We find that the calculated TM 2$p_{3/2}$ binding energies are less accurate than the results for the lighter elements with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.73 eV compared to experimental gas phase photoelectron spectroscopy results. However, our results suggest that the error depends mostly on the element and is rather insensitive to the chemical environment. By applying an element-specific correction to the binding energies the MAE is reduced to 0.20 eV, similar to the accuracy obtained for the lighter elements.