Rheology of 2D vertex model

TL;DR

This paper develops a theoretical continuum model to analyze the rheological behavior of 2D epithelial tissues, revealing shear-thinning properties, shear thickening-thinning crossover, and substrate-dependent reorientation phenomena.

Contribution

It provides an analytical and numerical framework for understanding tissue rheology, including shear response and substrate effects, in a discrete vertex-like tissue model.

Findings

Tissues are mostly shear-thinning under constant shear rate.

Crossover from shear thickening to shear thinning occurs at certain shear rates.

Reorientation depends on frequency and Poisson's ratio, with a phase space featuring a tricritical point.

Abstract

The mechanical properties of tissues play an essential role for all tissue properties such as cell division, and differentiation or morphogenesis. Here, we study theoretically the rheology of 2-dimensional epithelial tissues described by a discrete vertex-like model, using an analytical coarsegrained continuum formulation. We show that epithelial tissues are most often shear-thinning under constant shear rate, and in certain circumstances cross over from shear thickening at low shear rates to shear thinning at high shear rates. We give an analytical expression of the tissue response in an oscillating strain experiment in the linear regime, and calculate it numerically in the non-linear regime. When the tissue is supported by an oscillating substrate, it reorients depending on frequency and substrate's Poisson's ratio. Reorientation could be gradual or abrupt, depending on tissue and substrate parameters, and the configuration phase space exhibits a tricritical point.