Production of $\Omega NN$ and $\Omega\Omega N$ in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions

TL;DR

This paper predicts the production of exotic multi-strangeness hypernuclei, specifically $ ext{Ω}NN$ and $ ext{Ω}ΩN$, in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions using models based on lattice QCD interactions.

Contribution

It introduces calculations and predictions for the production of $ ext{Ω}NN$ and $ ext{Ω}ΩN$ hypernuclei, including their decay channels, in high-energy heavy-ion collisions.

Findings

Predicted yields of $ ext{Ω}NN$ and $ ext{Ω}ΩN$ in collisions at RHIC and LHC energies.

Estimated production rate of tetra-baryon $ ext{Ω}ΩNN$.

Provided decay channels and potential detection signatures for these hypernuclei.

Abstract

Even though lots of $\Lambda$-hypernuclei have been found and measured, multi-strangeness hypernuclei consisting of $\Omega$ are not yet discovered. The studies of multi-strangeness hypernuclei help us further understand the interaction between hyperons and nucleons. Recently the $\Omega N$ and $\Omega\Omega$ interactions as well as binding energies were calculated by the HAL-QCD's lattice Quantum Chromo-Dynamics (LQCD) simulations and production rates of $\Omega$-dibaryon in Au + Au collisions at RHIC and Pb + Pb collisions at LHC energies were estimated by a coalescence model. The present work discusses the production of more exotic triple-baryons including $\Omega$, namely $\Omega NN$ and $\Omega\Omega N$ as well as their decay channels. A variation method is used in calculations of bound states and binding energy of $\Omega NN$ and $\Omega\Omega N$ with the potentials from the HAL-QCD's results. The productions of $\Omega NN$ and $\Omega\Omega N$ are predicted by using a blast-wave model plus coalescence model in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV and $2.76$ TeV. Furthermore, plots for baryon number dependent yields of different baryons ($N$ and $\Omega$), their dibaryons and hypernuclei are made and the production rate of a more exotic tetra-baryon ($\Omega\Omega NN$) is extrapolated.