A moving-boundary model of reactive settling in wastewater treatment. Part 2: Numerical scheme

TL;DR

This paper introduces a finite-difference numerical scheme for simulating reactive settling in wastewater treatment reactors, effectively handling moving boundaries and complex reactions, validated through simulations with a modified activated sludge model.

Contribution

It develops a positivity-preserving numerical scheme for a complex moving-boundary reactive settling model in wastewater treatment, ensuring stability and accuracy.

Findings

The scheme maintains positivity and invariance properties.

Simulations demonstrate the model's effectiveness with ASM1 modifications.

The approach handles the moving boundary in SBR processes effectively.

Abstract

A numerical scheme is proposed for the simulation of reactive settling in sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) in wastewater treatment plants. Reactive settling is the process of sedimentation of flocculated particles (biomass; activated sludge) consisting of several material components that react with substrates dissolved in the fluid. An SBR is operated in cycles of consecutive fill, react, settle, draw and idle stages, which means that the volume in the tank varies and the surface moves with time. The process is modelled by a system of spatially one-dimensional, nonlinear, strongly degenerate parabolic convection-diffusion-reaction equations. This system is coupled via conditions of mass conservation to transport equations on a half line whose origin is located at a moving boundary and that models the effluent pipe. A finite-difference scheme is proved to satisfy an invariant-region property (in particular, it is positivity preserving) if executed in a simple splitting way. Simulations are presented with a modified variant of the established activated sludge model no.~1 (ASM1).