On distance Laplacian energy in terms of graph invariants

TL;DR

This paper investigates the properties of the distance Laplacian energy in graphs, establishing bounds, characterizing extremal graphs, and exploring spectral relationships with graph invariants.

Contribution

It provides new bounds for distance Laplacian energy, characterizes extremal graphs, and analyzes spectral properties related to graph invariants and matrix trace norms.

Findings

Complete bipartite graphs minimize DLE among bipartite graphs.

Complete split graphs minimize DLE among graphs with fixed independence number.

Identifies graphs with minimum DLE for given vertex connectivity.

Abstract

For a simple connected graph $G$ of order $n$ having distance Laplacian eigenvalues $ \rho^{L}_{1}\geq \rho^{L}_{2}\geq \cdots \geq \rho^{L}_{n}$, the distance Laplacian energy $DLE(G)$ is defined as $DLE(G)=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\left|\rho^{L}_i-\frac{2 W(G)}{n}\right|$, where $W(G)$ is the Wiener index of $G$. We obtain a relationship between the Laplacian energy and distance Laplacian energy for graphs with diameter 2. We obtain lower bounds for the distance Laplacian energy $DLE(G)$ in terms of the order $n$, the Wiener index $W(G)$, independence number, vertex connectivity number and other given parameters. We characterize the extremal graphs attaining these bounds. We show that the complete bipartite graph has the minimum distance Laplacian energy among all connected bipartite graphs and complete split graph has the minimum distance Laplacian energy among all connected graphs with given independence number. Further, we obtain the distance Laplacian spectrum of the join of a graph with the union of two other graphs. We show that the graph $K_{k}\bigtriangledown(K_{t}\cup K_{n-k-t}), 1\leq t \leq \lfloor\frac{n-k}{2}\rfloor $, has the minimum distance Laplacian energy among all connected graphs with vertex connectivity $k$. We conclude this paper with a discussion on trace norm of a matrix and the importance of our results in the theory of trace norm of the matrix $D^L(G)-\frac{2W(G)}{n}I_n$.