Invalidation-Based Protocols for Replicated Datastores

TL;DR

This paper proposes adapting invalidation-based protocols from multiprocessors to improve the performance of strongly consistent replicated datastores in datacenter environments, emphasizing fault tolerance and distributed transaction support.

Contribution

It introduces a novel adaptation of invalidation protocols for datastores, addressing challenges like skewed data access, fault tolerance, and distributed transactions.

Findings

Enhanced protocol performance in fault-free scenarios

Improved fault tolerance with invalidation-based methods

Effective handling of distributed transactions

Abstract

Distributed in-memory datastores underpin cloud applications that run within a datacenter and demand high performance, strong consistency, and availability. A key feature of datastores is data replication. The data are replicated across servers because a single server often cannot handle the request load. Replication is also necessary to guarantee that a server or link failure does not render a portion of the dataset inaccessible. A replication protocol is responsible for ensuring strong consistency between the replicas of a datastore, even when faults occur, by determining the actions necessary to access and manipulate the data. Consequently, a replication protocol also drives the datastore's performance. Existing strongly consistent replication protocols deliver fault tolerance but fall short in terms of performance. Meanwhile, the opposite occurs in the world of multiprocessors, where data are replicated across the private caches of different cores. The multiprocessor regime uses invalidations to afford strongly consistent replication with high performance but neglects fault tolerance. Although handling failures in the datacenter is critical for data availability, we observe that the common operation is fault-free and far exceeds the operation during faults. In other words, the common operating environment inside a datacenter closely resembles that of a multiprocessor. Based on this insight, we draw inspiration from the multiprocessor for high-performance, strongly consistent replication in the datacenter. The primary contribution of this thesis is in adapting invalidating protocols to the nuances of replicated datastores, which include skewed data accesses, fault tolerance, and distributed transactions.