The Emission Order of Hydrogen Isotopes via Correlation Functions in 30 MeV/u Ar+Au Reactions

TL;DR

This study uses intensity interferometry to determine the emission order of hydrogen isotopes in Ar+Au reactions at 30 MeV/u, revealing how emission timing varies with nuclear symmetry energy.

Contribution

It introduces a method to determine isotope emission order using correlation functions and links emission dynamics to nuclear symmetry energy properties.

Findings

Emission order: proton, deuteron, triton.

Proton emission time: approximately 100 fm/c.

Emission order depends on nuclear symmetry energy stiffness.

Abstract

The intensity interferometry is applied as a chronometer of the particle emission of hydrogen isotopes from the intermediate velocity source formed in $^{40}$Ar+$^{197}$Au reactions at 30 MeV/u. The dynamic emission order of $\tau_{\rm p}>\tau_{\rm d}>\tau_{\rm t}$ is evidenced via the correlation functions of nonidentical particle pairs. Assuming the similar source size, the same emission order is inferred from the correlation functions of identical particle pairs, where $\tau_{\rm p} \approx 100 {\rm ~fm/c}$ is extracted by the fit of Koonin-Pratt equation to p-p correlation function. Transport model simulations demonstrate that the dynamic emission order of light charged particles depends on the stiffness of the nuclear symmetry energy.