Cavity-Modulated Proton Transfer Reactions

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that strong light-matter coupling inside optical cavities can modulate proton transfer reaction rates in molecules, potentially enabling control and catalysis of such fundamental processes.

Contribution

It introduces first-principles quantum electrodynamics methods to show how optical cavities can alter proton transfer energy barriers, providing a new approach for reaction control.

Findings

Cavity polarization affects reaction barriers by 10-20%.

Optical cavities can decrease reaction barriers by approximately 5%.

First-principles methods confirm strong light-matter coupling as a tool for reaction modulation.

Abstract

Proton transfer is ubiquitous in many fundamental chemical and biological processes, and the ability to modulate and control the proton transfer rate would have a major impact on numerous quantum technological advances. One possibility to modulate the reaction rate of proton transfer processes is given by exploiting the strong light-matter coupling of chemical systems inside optical or nanoplasmonic cavities. In this work, we investigate the proton transfer reactions in the prototype malonaldehyde and Z-3-amino-propenal (aminopropenal) molecules using different quantum electrodynamics methods, in particular quantum electrodynamics coupled cluster theory (QED-CC) and quantum electrodynamical density functional theory (QEDFT). Depending on the cavity mode polarization direction, we show that the optical cavity can increase the reaction energy barrier by 10--20$\%$ or decrease the reaction barrier by $\sim$5$\%$. By using first principles methods, this work establishes strong light-matter coupling as a viable and practical route to alter and catalyze proton transfer reactions.