Phases of rotating baryonic matter: non-Abelian chiral soliton lattices, antiferro-isospin chains, and ferri/ferromagnetic magnetization

TL;DR

This paper explores the phases of rotating baryonic matter, revealing new non-Abelian chiral soliton lattice phases, their phase diagram, and magnetic properties, with implications for QCD and dense matter physics.

Contribution

It introduces two novel non-Abelian CSL phases, maps their phase diagram, and analyzes their magnetic and isospin properties in rotating baryonic matter.

Findings

Identification of two non-Abelian CSL phases (dimer and deconfining)

Determination of phase diagram with tricritical points

NA-CSLs exhibit ferrimagnetic and ferromagnetic magnetization

Abstract

A chiral soliton lattice (CSL), proposed as the ground state of rotating baryonic matter at a finite density, is shown to be unstable in a large parameter region for two flavors owing to pion condensations, leading to two types of non-Abelian (NA) CSL phases (dimer and deconfining phases). We determine the phase diagram where the dimer phase meets the other phases and QCD vacuum at three tricritical points. The critical angular velocity for NA-CSLs is lower than the $\eta$-CSL. Each NA soliton carries an isospin, and an antiferro-isospin chain is formed leading to gapless isospinons. The anomalous coupling to the magnetic field provides the NA-CSL ($\eta$-CSL) with a ferrimagnetic (ferromagnetic) magnetization.