TL;DR
This paper identifies common bug patterns in Scratch programs, introduces the LitterBox detection tool, and evaluates their prevalence and severity to support learners in fixing bugs automatically.
Contribution
It presents a collection of bug patterns in Scratch and the LitterBox tool for automatic detection, enhancing learning support.
Findings
Common bug patterns are frequent in Scratch programs.
The severity of bugs varies across patterns.
Automatic detection can effectively support learners.
Abstract
Bugs in Scratch programs can spoil the fun and inhibit learning success. Many common bugs are the result of recurring patterns of bad code. In this paper we present a collection of common code patterns that typically hint at bugs in Scratch programs, and the LitterBox tool which can automatically detect them. We empirically evaluate how frequently these patterns occur, and how severe their consequences usually are. While fixing bugs inevitably is part of learning, the possibility to identify the bugs automatically provides the potential to support learners
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