Efficient loading of reduced data ensembles produced at ORNL SNS/HFIR neutron time-of-flight facilities

TL;DR

This paper introduces algorithmic improvements for loading reduced neutron scattering data ensembles at ORNL, significantly enhancing efficiency and scalability in data management for large experimental datasets.

Contribution

It presents scalable search and extraction algorithms using an in-memory binary-tree index, optimizing data loading in Mantid for neutron scattering experiments.

Findings

Average speed-up of 19-23% in data loading times

Effective handling of large, complex datasets

Improved scalability for growing data volumes

Abstract

We present algorithmic improvements to the loading operations of certain reduced data ensembles produced from neutron scattering experiments at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) facilities. Ensembles from multiple measurements are required to cover a wide range of the phase space of a sample material of interest. They are stored using the standard NeXus schema on individual HDF5 files. This makes it a scalability challenge, as the number of experiments stored increases in a single ensemble file. The present work follows up on our previous efforts on data management algorithms, to address identified input output (I/O) bottlenecks in Mantid, an open-source data analysis framework used across several neutron science facilities around the world. We reuse an in-memory binary-tree metadata index that resembles data access patterns, to provide a scalable search and extraction mechanism. In addition, several memory operations are refactored and optimized for the current common use cases, ranging most frequently from 10 to 180, and up to 360 separate measurement configurations. Results from this work show consistent speed ups in wall-clock time on the Mantid LoadMD routine, ranging from 19\% to 23\% on average, on ORNL production computing systems. The latter depends on the complexity of the targeted instrument-specific data and the system I/O and compute variability for the shared computational resources available to users of ORNL's Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) and the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) instruments. Nevertheless, we continue to highlight the need for more research to address reduction challenges as experimental data volumes, user time and processing costs increase.