Observational constraint on Dark Energy from Quantum Uncertainty

TL;DR

This paper proposes a quantum fluctuation-based model for dark energy density, linking vacuum particle pairs and entropy considerations, and tests it against supernova and CMB data.

Contribution

It introduces a novel theoretical framework connecting quantum uncertainty, vacuum fluctuations, and dark energy, supported by observational data fitting.

Findings

Model fits well with SNIa and CMB data

Provides a new explanation for negative pressure in dark energy

Estimates cosmological parameters consistent with observations

Abstract

We explore the theoretical possibility that dark energy density is derived from the vacuum particle pairs together with the quantum fluctuation of space-time. By assuming the vacuum particle pairs fall into the horizon boundary of the cosmos with the expansion of the universe, we can deduce the uncertainty in the relative position of particle pairs based on the quantum fluctuation of space-time, which can be used to estimate their or dark energy density. Furthermore, we attempt to explain the origin of negative pressure from the increasing entropy density of the Boltzmann system and derive the equation for the state parameter, which is consistent with the specific equations of state for dark energy. Finally, we fit the models to the SNIa Pantheon sample and Planck 2018 CMB angular power spectra and give statistical results for the cosmology parameters.