The dynamical structure of the outflows driven by a large-scale magnetic field

TL;DR

This paper models the dynamical structure of outflows driven by large-scale magnetic fields in accretion disk coronae, revealing high terminal speeds and temperatures consistent with observations of quasars and X-ray binaries.

Contribution

It provides a self-consistent MHD solution for outflows driven by magnetic fields advected by the corona, including detailed properties like velocity, temperature, and geometry.

Findings

Outflows reach speeds of 0.01c-0.1c.

Outflow temperatures remain tens of keV at large distances.

Mass loss rate is 7%-12% of accretion rate.

Abstract

Large-scale magnetic field is crucial in launching and collimating the jets/outflows. It is found that the magnetic flux can be efficiently transported inward by the fast moving corona above a thin disk. In this work we investigate the dynamical structure of the outflows driven by the large-scale magnetic field advected by the hot corona. With derived large-scale magnetic field, the outflow solution along every field line is obtained by solving a set of magneto-hydrodynamical (MHD) Equations self-consistently with boundary conditions at the upper surface of the corona. We find that the terminal speeds of the outflows driven from the inner region of the disk are $\sim 0.01c-0.1c$. The temperatures of the outflows at the large distance from the black hole are still as high as several ten keV. The properties of the magnetic outflows derived in this work are roughly consistent with the fast outflows detected in some luminous quasars and X-ray binaries. The total mass loss rate in the outflows from the corona is about $7\%-12\%$ of the mass accretion rate of the disk. The three dimension field geometry, the velocity, temperature and density of the outflows derived in this work can be used for calculating the emergent spectra and their polarization of the accretion disk/corona/outflow systems. Our results may help understand the features of the observed spectra of X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei.