On the planar free energy of matrix models

TL;DR

This paper develops a novel approach to compute the planar free energy of Hermitian one-matrix models with various potentials, including those relevant to supersymmetric gauge theories, bypassing traditional eigenvalue methods.

Contribution

It introduces a direct method for calculating the planar free energy without diagonalization, providing explicit formulas and bounds for a range of potentials, including infinite-term cases.

Findings

Closed-form expressions for finitely many potentials

Bounds on the radius of convergence for series expansions

Explicit free energy formulas for specific supersymmetric models

Abstract

In this work we obtain the planar free energy for the Hermitian one-matrix model with various choices of the potential. We accomplish this by applying an approach that bypasses the usual diagonalization of the matrices and the introduction of the eigenvalue density, to directly zero in the evaluation of the planar free energy. In the first part of the paper, we focus on potentials with finitely many terms. For various choices of potentials, we manage to find closed expressions for the planar free energy, and in some cases determine or bound their radius of convergence as a series in the 't Hooft coupling. In the second part of the paper we consider specific examples of potentials with infinitely many terms, that arise in the study of ${\cal N}=2$ super Yang-Mills theories on $S^4$, via supersymmetric localization. In particular, we manage to write the planar free energy of two non-conformal examples: SU(N) with $N_f<2N$, and ${\cal N}=2^*$.