$\mathbf{B-L}$ model with $\mathbf{D_4\times Z_4\times Z_2}$ symmetry for fermion mass hierarchies and mixings

TL;DR

This paper develops a gauge $B-L$ model with specific discrete symmetries to explain fermion mass hierarchies and mixings, successfully matching experimental data for quarks and neutrinos using the type-I seesaw mechanism.

Contribution

It introduces a novel $B-L$ model with $D_4\times Z_4\times Z_2$ symmetry that explains fermion masses and mixings, including CP phases, with realistic predictions.

Findings

Quark masses and mixings match experimental central values.

Neutrino masses and mixings are consistent with current data.

Predictions for neutrino mass sum and CP phases align with recent limits.

Abstract

We construct a gauge $B-L$ model with $D_4\times Z_4\times Z_2$ symmetry that can explain the quark and lepton mass hierarchies and their mixings with the realistic CP phases via the type-I seesaw mechanism. Six quark mases, three quark mixing angles and CP phase in the quark sector can get the central values and Yukawa couplings in the quark sector are diluted a range of three orders of magnitude difference by the perturbation theory at the first order. For neutrino sector, the smallness of neutrino mass is achieved by the Type-I seesaw mechanism. Both inverted and normal neutrino mass hierarchies are in consistent with the experimental data. The prediction for the sum of neutrino masses for normal and inverted hierarchies, the effective neutrino masses and the Dirac CP phase are well consistent with all the recent limits.