High-order synchronization in a system of nonlinearly coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the occurrence of high-order (1:2) synchronization in autonomous nonlinearly coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators with rotational symmetry, showing it happens for all frequency choices, not just specific ones.

Contribution

It reveals that nonlinear coupling in Stuart-Landau oscillators induces robust 1:2 synchronization regardless of initial frequency ratios, extending understanding beyond existing literature.

Findings

1:2 synchronization occurs for all frequency choices.

Nonlinear coupling enforces a 1:2 frequency ratio.

Various dynamical behaviors are observed with different frequencies.

Abstract

The high-order synchronization was studied in systems driven by external force and in autonomous systems with proper frequency mismatch. Differing from the literature, in this article, we demonstrate the occurrence of high-order (1:2) synchronization in an autonomous nonlinearly coupled (Stuart-Landau) oscillators which admit a particular form of rotational symmetry. Interestingly, the observed 1:2 synchronization happens not only for a particular choice of natural frequencies but for all possible choices of frequencies. We have observed such a behaviour in the case of 1:1 synchronization, where we have seen a variety of couplings in the literature that forces the oscillators to have almost equal frequencies and makes the system to oscillate with a common frequency independent of whether the oscillators are identical or non-identical. Similarly, in this article we observe that, whether the initial choice of frequencies is of the ratio 1:2 or not, the given nonlinear coupling forces the system to oscillate with the frequency ratio 1:2. Further, we present synchronization and other dynamical behaviours of the system by considering different choices of natural frequencies.