Analysis of pedestrian stress level using GSR sensor in virtual immersive reality

TL;DR

This study investigates pedestrian stress levels in virtual reality crossing scenarios using GSR sensors, revealing that vehicle density, age, and crossing geometry significantly influence stress responses.

Contribution

It introduces a virtual reality-based method to measure pedestrian stress and analyzes how environmental factors affect stress levels in crossing situations.

Findings

Higher vehicle density increases pedestrian stress.

Younger pedestrians exhibit lower stress levels.

More lanes correlate with higher stress due to increased crossing distance.

Abstract

Level of emotional arousal of one's body changes in response to external stimuli in an environment. Given the risks involved while crossing streets, particularly at unsignalized mid-block crosswalks, one can expect a change in the stress level of pedestrians. In this study, we investigate the levels and changes in pedestrian stress, under different road crossing scenarios in immersive virtual reality. To measure the stress level of pedestrians, we used Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) sensors. To collect the required data for the model, Virtual Immersive Reality Environment (VIRE) tool is used, which enables us to measure participants' stress levels in a controlled environment. The results suggested that the density of vehicles has a positive effect, meaning as the density of vehicles increases, so does the stress level for pedestrians. It was noted that younger pedestrians have a lower amount of stress when crossing as compared to older pedestrians which have higher amounts of stress. Geometric variables have an impact on the stress level of pedestrians. The greater the number of lanes the greater the observed stress, which is due to the crossing distance increasing, while the walking speed remains the same.