Phases of Euclidean wormholes in JT gravity

TL;DR

This paper investigates phase transitions between charged Euclidean wormholes and black hole configurations in JT gravity, revealing a first-order transition at finite charge density and proposing a dual complex SYK model description.

Contribution

It introduces a JT gravity framework showing a phase transition from charged wormholes to black holes at finite charge density and chemical potential, with a conjectured dual field theory.

Findings

Identified a low-temperature charged wormhole phase.

Discovered a first-order phase transition to a two black hole system.

Conjectured duality with a two-site complex SYK model.

Abstract

We present a JT gravity set up that reveals the evidence of (Euclidean) wormhole to black hole phase transition at finite charge density and/or chemical potential. We identify the low temperature phase of the system as the charged wormhole solution. As the temperature of the system is increased, it undergoes a first order phase transition to a two black hole system at finite charge density. At the critical point ($T = T_0$) of the phase transition, both the Free energy (density) and the charge undergoes a discontinuous change. Finally, we conjectured that the field theory dual to this gravitational set up is a two-site (uncoupled) complex SYK model at a finite chemical potential.