Towards Comprehensive Monocular Depth Estimation: Multiple Heads Are Better Than One

TL;DR

This paper introduces TEDepth, a novel depth estimation approach that combines Transformer and CNN-based predictors through adaptive fusion, achieving superior accuracy and generalizability on standard datasets.

Contribution

It proposes a multi-architecture ensemble framework for monocular depth estimation, integrating Transformer and CNN models with adaptive fusion for improved accuracy.

Findings

TEDepth outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods on NYU-Depth-v2 and KITTI datasets.

The ensemble approach demonstrates strong generalization to the SUN RGB-D dataset without fine-tuning.

Combining Transformer and CNN models provides complementary depth estimates, enhancing overall performance.

Abstract

Depth estimation attracts widespread attention in the computer vision community. However, it is still quite difficult to recover an accurate depth map using only one RGB image. We observe a phenomenon that existing methods tend to fail in different cases, caused by differences in network architecture, loss function and so on. In this work, we investigate into the phenomenon and propose to integrate the strengths of multiple weak depth predictor to build a comprehensive and accurate depth predictor, which is critical for many real-world applications, e.g., 3D reconstruction. Specifically, we construct multiple base (weak) depth predictors by utilizing different Transformer-based and convolutional neural network (CNN)-based architectures. Transformer establishes long-range correlation while CNN preserves local information ignored by Transformer due to the spatial inductive bias. Therefore, the coupling of Transformer and CNN contributes to the generation of complementary depth estimates, which are essential to achieve a comprehensive depth predictor. Then, we design mixers to learn from multiple weak predictions and adaptively fuse them into a strong depth estimate. The resultant model, which we refer to as Transformer-assisted depth ensembles (TEDepth). On the standard NYU-Depth-v2 and KITTI datasets, we thoroughly explore how the neural ensembles affect the depth estimation and demonstrate that our TEDepth achieves better results than previous state-of-the-art approaches. To validate the generalizability across cameras, we directly apply the models trained on NYU-Depth-v2 to the SUN RGB-D dataset without any fine-tuning, and the superior results emphasize its strong generalizability.