Research Programs Arising from 'Oumuamua Considered as an Alien Craft

TL;DR

This paper explores the hypothesis that 'Oumuamua is an alien spacecraft, analyzing physics, engineering, and observational challenges to outline future research programs regardless of the object's true nature.

Contribution

It develops a comprehensive research framework for investigating 'Oumuamua as an alien craft, considering both controlled and uncontrolled flight scenarios with detailed scientific and engineering analyses.

Findings

Controlled flight has more challenges but remains plausible.

Uncontrolled flight could involve messaging or inadvertent signaling.

Interception and study of interstellar objects are valuable regardless of origin.

Abstract

The controversial hypothesis that 'Oumuamua (1I/2017 U1) was an alien craft dominated by a solar sail is considered using known physics for the two possible cases: controlled and uncontrolled flight. The reliability engineering challenges for an artifact designed to operate for 10^5 - 10^6 yr are also considerable. All three areas generate research programs going forward. The uncontrolled case could be either "anonymous METI" (messaging extraterrestrial intelligence) or "inadvertent METI". In the controlled case the nature of the origin star, trajectory guidance from the origin star to the Sun, and the identity of a destination star are all undecided. The "controlled" case has more strikes against it than the "uncontrolled" case, but neither suffers a knock-out blow, as yet. Some of the issues turn out not to be major obstacles to the alien craft hypothesis, but others weaken the case for it. Most, however, imply new studies. Some of these, e.g., intercept missions for new interstellar objects, are concepts being developed, and will be of value whatever these objects turn out to be. Overall, these considerations show that a many pronged, targeted, research program can be built around the hypothesis that'Oumuamua is an alien craft. The considerations presented here can also be applied to other interstellar visitors, as well as to general discussions of interstellar travel.