$\alpha$ knockout reaction as a new probe for $\alpha$ formation in $\alpha$-decay nuclei

TL;DR

This paper proposes using proton-induced ($p$,$p extalpha$) knockout reactions as a new method to directly measure the surface alpha formation probability in alpha-decay nuclei, providing insights into the alpha decay mechanism.

Contribution

It introduces the ($p$,$p extalpha$) reaction as a novel probe for surface alpha formation, validated through theoretical calculations matching lifetime-based formation probabilities.

Findings

The ($p$,$p extalpha$) cross section correlates with surface alpha formation probability.

The method offers a direct measurement approach for alpha formation in decay nuclei.

Results support the use of knockout reactions to understand alpha decay mechanisms.

Abstract

The $\alpha$-decay phenomennon has been studied for more than a century but the mechanism of the $\alpha$ particle formation and its tunneling process have not yet been fully understood. As an alternative to the $\alpha$-decay lifetime measurement, we propose the proton-induced $\alpha$ knockout reaction, ($p$,$p\alpha$), as a new probe for the surface $\alpha$ formation probability of $\alpha$-decay nuclei. The $^{210,212}$Po($p$,$p\alpha$)$^{206,208}$Pb reaction is described by the distorted-wave impulse approximation framework. It shows that the $^{212}$Po/$^{210}$Po ratio of the $\alpha$ knockout cross sections agrees with that of the surface $\alpha$ formation probabilities determined by lifetime measurements. The result implies that the ($p$,$p\alpha$) cross section is a direct probe for the surface $\alpha$ formation probability, which is an essential quantity to lead us to a complete understanding of the $\alpha$-decay phenomenon.