Machine Learning-Based Optimization of Chiral Photonic Nanostructures: Evolution- and Neural Network-Based Design

TL;DR

This paper introduces machine learning techniques, specifically evolutionary algorithms and neural networks, to optimize chiral photonic nanostructures, enabling efficient design of metasurfaces with tailored optical properties for applications in nanophotonics.

Contribution

It presents a novel application of machine learning methods for the rapid design and optimization of chiral dielectric metasurfaces, advancing the field of chiral photonics.

Findings

Design recipes for visible light metasurfaces with tailored circular polarization.

Frequency-dependent control of reflected light's circular polarization.

Potential for fabrication of chirality-sensitive optical devices using tungsten disulfide.

Abstract

Chiral photonics opens new pathways to manipulate light-matter interactions and tailor the optical response of meta-surfaces and -materials by nanostructuring nontrivial patterns. Chirality of matter, such as that of molecules, and light, which in the simplest case is given by the handedness of circular polarization, have attracted much attention for applications in chemistry, nanophotonics and optical information processing. We report the design of chiral photonic structures using two machine learning methods, the evolutionary algorithm and neural network approach, for rapid and efficient optimization of optical properties for dielectric metasurfaces. The design recipes obtained for visible light in the range of transition-metal dichalcogenide exciton resonances show a frequency-dependent modification in the reflected light's degree of circular polarization, that is represented by the difference between left- and right-circularly polarized intensity. Our results suggest the facile fabrication and characterization of optical nanopatterned reflectors for chirality-sensitive light-matter coupling scenarios employing tungsten disulfide as possible active material with features such as valley Hall effect and optical valley coherence.