Giant Atoms in a Synthetic Frequency Dimension

TL;DR

This paper proposes a method to create giant atoms in a synthetic frequency dimension using a superconducting resonator and a three-level atom, enabling chiral interactions and directional excitation transfer.

Contribution

It introduces a feasible scheme for constructing giant atoms in a synthetic frequency dimension with tunable chiral interactions, extending the concept beyond real-space implementations.

Findings

Good agreement between analytical and numerical results.

Ability to break symmetry and enable chiral interactions.

Simulation of cascaded interactions and directional transfer.

Abstract

Giant atoms that interact with real-space waveguides at multiple spatial points have attracted extensive attention due to their unique interference effects. Here we propose a feasible scheme for constructing giant atoms in a synthetic frequency dimension with, e.g., a dynamically modulated superconducting resonator and a tailored three-level artificial atom. Both analytical and numerical calculations show good agreement between our scheme and real-space two-level giant atoms. In particular, the symmetry of the model in momentum space can be broken by tuning the phase of the external field applied on the atom, enabling chiral interactions between the atom and the frequency lattice. We further demonstrate the possibility of simulating cascaded interaction and directional excitation transfer in the frequency dimension by directly extending our model to involve more such effective giant atoms.