Periodicities in a multiply connected geometry from quenched dynamics

TL;DR

This paper investigates the periodicities in a multiply-connected quantum ring using holographic methods, revealing how quenched dynamics influence state energies, winding numbers, and phase transitions related to magnetic flux variations.

Contribution

It introduces a holographic approach to study Little-Parks periodicities and quenched dynamics in a multiply-connected geometry, highlighting the distribution of winding numbers and phase transition behaviors.

Findings

Winding numbers follow a normal distribution for fixed magnetic flux.

Periodicities match the flux quantum $\

First order phase transitions occur at half-integer multiples of $\

Abstract

Exploring the lowest energy configurations of a quantum system is consistent with the counting statistics of the frequently appeared states from quenching dynamics. By studying the Little-Parks periodicities in a multiply-connected ring-shaped geometry from the holographic technique, it is found that the frequently appeared states from dynamics incline to have lower free energies. In particular, the resulting winding numbers from quenched dynamics are constrained in a normal distribution for a fixed magnetic flux threading the ring. Varying the magnetic fluxes, Little-Parks periodicities will take place with periods identical to the flux quantum $\Phi_0$. Favorable solutions with lowest free energies perform first order phase transitions which transform between distinct winding numbers as the magnetic flux equals half-integers multiplying $\Phi_0$.