The ESS neutrino super-beam near detector

TL;DR

The paper discusses the design and performance evaluation of the near detector for the ESS neutrino super-beam experiment, aiming to improve neutrino flux constraints and interaction measurements for oscillation studies.

Contribution

It presents the finalized conceptual design of the near detector and evaluates its performance in neutrino flux constraining and flavor identification.

Findings

Finalized near detector design after performance evaluation.

High-performance energy reconstruction and flavor identification achieved.

Improved constraints on neutrino flux and cross-sections.

Abstract

The ESS Neutrino Super-Beam (ESSnuSB) is a proposed long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment, performed with a high-intensity neutrino beam, to be developed as an extension to the European Spallation Source proton linac currently under construction in Lund, Sweden. The neutrinos would be detected with the near and far detectors of the experiment, the former within several hundred meters of the neutrino production point and the latter within several hundred kilometers. The far detector will consist of a megaton-scale water-Cherenkov detector, and the near detector will consist of a kiloton-scale water-Cherenkov detector in combination with a fine-grained tracking detector and an emulsion detector. The purpose of the near detector is to constrain the flux of the neutrino beam as well as to extract the electron-neutrino interaction cross-section in water, which requires high-performance energy reconstruction and particle flavor identification techniques. These measurements are crucial for the neutrino oscillation measurements that will be conducted using the far detector. Year 2021 sees the finalization of the conceptual design of the near detector after a thorough evaluation of the performance of a number of different design options, and a characterization of the neutrino reconstruction and flavor identification performances. In this talk we report on thesestudies.