Generation and dynamics of soliton and soliton molecules from a VSe2/GO-based fiber laser

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the generation of ultrashort soliton pulses and soliton molecules in a VSe2/GO-based fiber laser, combining experimental results with numerical simulations to explore soliton dynamics and material properties.

Contribution

It introduces VSe2/GO as a novel saturable absorber for ultrafast fiber lasers and reports the first realization of soliton molecules using this material.

Findings

Achieved the narrowest soliton pulse width of 573 fs with VSe2-related material.

First realization of soliton molecules with a pulse interval of ~2.2 ps.

Numerical simulations agree well with experimental observations of soliton dynamics.

Abstract

Recently, in addition to exploring the application of new saturable absorber devices in fiber lasers, soliton dynamics has also become a focus of current research. In this article, we report an ultrashort pulse fiber laser based on VSe2/GO nanocomposite and verify the formation process of soliton and soliton molecules by the numerical simulation. The prepared VSe2/GO-based device shows excellent saturable absorption characteristics with a modulation depth of 14.3% and a saturation absorption intensity of 0.93MW/cm2. The conventional soliton is obtained with pulse width of 573fs, which is currently the narrowest pulse width based on VSe2-related material, and has a signal-to-noise ratio of 60.4 dB. In addition, the soliton molecules are realized based on the VSe2/GO for the first time and have a pulse interval of ~2.2ps. We study the soliton dynamics through numerical simulation and reveal that before the formation of the soliton, it undergoes multiple nonlinear stages, such as soliton mode-locking, soliton splitting, and soliton oscillation. Furthermore, the results of numerical simulation are agreed well with the experimental data. These results indicate that the VSe2/GO might be another promising saturable absorber material for ultrafast photonics, and deepen the understanding of soliton dynamics in ultrafast fiber lasers.