Collective effects in neutrino scattering on solid and liquid targets

TL;DR

This paper develops a theoretical framework using the dynamic structure factor to analyze collective effects in low-energy neutrino scattering on solid and liquid targets, aiding searches for new physics and testing the Standard Model.

Contribution

It introduces a formalism incorporating collective effects in neutrino scattering on liquids and solids, with numerical examples for superfluid helium-4.

Findings

Collective effects significantly influence neutrino scattering signals.

The developed formalism improves accuracy in low-energy neutrino interaction modeling.

Numerical results demonstrate the impact of collective phenomena in superfluid helium-4.

Abstract

Neutrino scattering on liquid and solid targets at low energy transfer can serve both as a tool for searching the physics beyond the Standard Model, for example, such as neutrino electromagnetic interactions, and as a test of the Standard Model at low-energy scale. At the same time, the theoretical apparatus for low-energy elastic neutrino scattering on electrons and nuclei bound in liquids and solids must take into account collective effects in the electron and nuclear subsystems of the target. We develop such an apparatus based on the formalism of the dynamic structure factor. A numerical illustration of the role of the collective effects is provided for the case of a superfluid He-4 target.