A compound Poisson perspective of Ewens-Pitman sampling model

TL;DR

This paper extends the compound Poisson perspective from the Ewens sampling model to the more general Ewens-Pitman model using a negative Binomial compound Poisson approach, providing new insights into asymptotic behavior.

Contribution

It introduces a negative Binomial compound Poisson sampling model to generalize the compound Poisson perspective of the Ewens-Pitman sampling model.

Findings

Extends compound Poisson perspective to EP-SM for various alpha values.

Provides a new proof of Pitman's alpha diversity.

Suggests potential for similar representations in alpha-stable Poisson-Kingman models.

Abstract

The Ewens-Pitman sampling model (EP-SM) is a distribution for random partitions of the set $\{1,\ldots,n\}$, with $n\in\mathbb{N}$, which is index by real parameters $\alpha$ and $\theta$ such that either $\alpha\in[0,1)$ and $\theta>-\alpha$, or $\alpha<0$ and $\theta=-m\alpha$ for some $m\in\mathbb{N}$. For $\alpha=0$ the EP-SM reduces to the celebrated Ewens sampling model (E-SM), which admits a well-known compound Poisson perspective in terms of the log-series compound Poisson sampling model (LS-CPSM). In this paper, we consider a generalization of the LS-CPSM, which is referred to as the negative Binomial compound Poisson sampling model (NB-CPSM), and we show that it leads to extend the compound Poisson perspective of the E-SM to the more general EP-SM for either $\alpha\in(0,1)$, or $\alpha<0$. The interplay between the NB-CPSM and the EP-SM is then applied to the study of the large $n$ asymptotic behaviour of the number of blocks in the corresponding random partitions, leading to a new proof of Pitman's $\alpha$ diversity. We discuss the proposed results, and conjecture that analogous compound Poisson representations may hold for the class of $\alpha$-stable Poisson-Kingman sampling models, of which the EP-SM is a noteworthy special case.