Rise and fall of plaquette order in Shastry-Sutherland magnet revealed by pseudo-fermion functional renormalization group

TL;DR

This study uses high-resolution functional renormalization group analysis to explore the phase transitions in the Shastry-Sutherland model, revealing a finite spin liquid region and clarifying the nature of plaquette and Neel orders.

Contribution

It provides a detailed, high-resolution analysis of the phase diagram of the generalized Shastry-Sutherland model, challenging previous assumptions about the direct transition between plaquette and Neel orders.

Findings

Identification of a finite spin liquid region between specific coupling ratios.

Suppression of plaquette order before Neel order emerges.

Continuous flow indicating a spin liquid phase without divergence.

Abstract

The Shastry-Sutherland model as a canonical example of frustrated magnetism has been extensively studied. The conventional wisdom has been that the transition from the plaquette valence bond order to the Neel order is direct and potentially realizes a deconfined quantum critical point beyond the Ginzburg-Landau paradigm. This scenario however was challenged recently by improved numerics from density matrix renormalization group which offers evidence for a narrow gapless spin liquid between the two phases. Prompted by this controversy and to shed light on this intricate parameter regime from a fresh perspective, we report high-resolution functional renormalization group analysis of the generalized Shastry-Sutherland model. The flows of over 50 million running couplings provide a detailed picture for the evolution of spin correlations as the frequency/energy scale is dialed from the ultraviolet to the infrared to yield the zero temperature phase diagram. The singlet dimer phase emerges as a fixed point, the Neel order is characterized by divergence in the vertex function, while the transition into and out of the plaquette order is accompanied by pronounced peaks in the plaquette susceptibility. The plaquette order is suppressed before the onset of the Neel order, lending evidence for a finite spin liquid region for $J_1/J_2\in (0.77,0.82)$, where the flow is continuous without any indication of divergence.