Energetic and entropic cost due to overlapping of Turing-Hopf instabilities in presence of Cross Diffusion

TL;DR

This paper investigates the energetic and entropic costs of pattern formation due to Turing-Hopf instabilities in reaction-diffusion systems with cross diffusion, revealing how these factors influence nonequilibrium phase transitions.

Contribution

It introduces a systematic thermodynamic analysis of Turing-Hopf interplay with cross diffusion, highlighting energy costs and phase transition possibilities in nonlinear systems.

Findings

Cross diffusion significantly alters free energy and concentration profiles.

Hopf instability can be used to control stationary concentration patterns.

Cross diffusion parameters can induce large changes in system energetics.

Abstract

A systematic introduction to nonequilibrium thermodynamics of dynamical instabilities is considered for an open nonlinear system beyond conventional Turing pattern in presence of cross diffusion. An altered condition of Turing instability in presence of cross diffusion can be best viewed in terms of the critical control parameter and wave number containing both the self and cross diffusion coefficients. Our main focus is on the entropic and energetic cost of Turing-Hopf interplay in stationary pattern formation. Depending on the relative dispositions of Turing-Hopf codimensional instabilities from the reaction-diffusion equation it clarifies two aspects: energy cost of pattern formation, especially how Hopf instability can be utilized to dictate a stationary concentration profile, and the possibility of revealing nonequilibrium phase transition. In the Brusselator model to understand these phenomena, we have analyzed through the relevant complex Ginzberg-Landau equation using the multiscale Krylov-Bogoiubov averaging method. Due to Hopf instability, it is observed that the cross diffusion parameters can be a source of huge change in free energy and concentration profiles.