Testing for the Continuous Spectrum of X-Rays Predicted to Accompany the Photoejection of an Atomic Inner Shell Electron

TL;DR

This study uses advanced measurement techniques to test the predicted continuous X-ray spectrum from photoejection of inner shell electrons, finding that current theory overestimates the observed bremsstrahlung rate in copper.

Contribution

The paper provides the first high-statistics experimental measurement of intraatomic bremsstrahlung spectra, challenging existing theoretical predictions.

Findings

Measured spectra align with quantum electrodynamics predictions.

Observed IAB rate is at least 5 sigma lower than theoretical estimates.

Employs fluorescence coincidence method to reduce artifacts.

Abstract

Echoing classical physics, quantum electrodynamics predicts the release of a spectral continuum of electromagnetic radiation upon the sudden acceleration of charged particles in quantum matter. Despite apparent theoretical success in describing sister nuclear processes, known as internal bremsstrahlung, following nuclear beta decay and K capture, the situation of the photoejection of an electron from an inner shell of an atom, intraatomic bremsstrahlung (IAB), is far from settled. In this paper we present fresh measurements which rely on contemporary signal processing as well as the high flux available from a synchrotron radiation source to revisit the problem by photoejecting electrons from the innermost shell of copper. For the first time we have sufficient sample statistics to measure the expected spectra at the level expected by contemporary theory. Furthermore, we employ sufficiently thin targets to overcome secondary scattering artifacts. Our approach applies the fluorescence coincidence method to guard against extraneous scattering and multiple incident photon processes. Our observations set a severe upper limit on the rate for IAB: We conclude that current theory overpredicts, by at least 5 sigma, the measured rate for K shell IAB in copper in the range of detected energies below the K fluorescence energy.