Demonstration of entanglement and coherence in GHZ-like state when exposed to classical environments with power-law noise

TL;DR

This study investigates how GHZ-like entangled states in three-qubit systems retain entanglement and coherence under power-law noise from classical environments, revealing their robustness compared to other states.

Contribution

It demonstrates the resilience of GHZ-like states against power-law noise in classical environments, highlighting their potential for quantum information processing.

Findings

GHZ-like states remain partially entangled under single power-law noise sources.

Long-term coherence and non-local correlations are maintained with multiple noise sources.

GHZ-like states outperform bipartite and W-type states in preserving quantum properties.

Abstract

Entanglement and coherence protection are investigated using the dynamical map of three non-interacting qubits that are initially prepared as maximally entangled GHZ-like states coupled to external fields in solid-state and superconducting materials. Thermal fluctuations and resistance in these materials produce power-law (PL) noise, which we assume controls external fields in three different configurations with single or multiple noise sources. The genuine response of isolated environments to entanglement and coherence retention is analyzed. We also briefly discuss the initial purity and relative efficiency of the GHZ-like states. Unlike the multiple PL noise sources, exposure, the GHZ-class state remains partially entangled and coherent for an indefinite time when subject to single noise source. However, long-term non-local correlation and coherence are still feasible under multiple noise sources. Due to the lack of back-action of the environments, the conversion of the free state into the resource GHZ-class states is not allowed. The parameter optimization, in addition to the noise phase, regulates disorders, noise effects, and memory properties in the current environments. Unlike the bipartite states and tripartite W-type states, the GHZ-like state has been shown to have positive traits of preserving entanglement and coherence against PL noise.