Quantum thermalization of gauge theories: chaos, turbulence and universality

TL;DR

This paper explores the real-time thermalization process in 2+1D Z2 lattice gauge theories, revealing stages of chaos, turbulence, and universality in quantum systems through entanglement analysis.

Contribution

It demonstrates that quantum thermalization exhibits classical-like phenomena such as chaos and turbulence, analyzed via entanglement structure in lattice gauge theories.

Findings

Quantum thermalization proceeds through characteristic stages.

Phenomena like chaos, turbulence, and universality are observed in quantum systems.

Entanglement structure reveals classical-like thermalization behavior.

Abstract

In this talk, we discuss real-time thermalization dynamics of $\mathbf{Z}_2$ Lattice Gauge Theory in 2+1 spacetime dimensions. While classical thermalization is commonly associated with chaotic behavior, turbulence and universality, the manifestation of these phenomena in quantum mechanical systems is not clear. However, when viewed through the lens of Entanglement Structure, we find that quantum thermalization proceeds in characteristic stages and reveals phenomena remarkably similar to their classical counterparts: chaos, turbulence and universality.