Inflation with strongly non-geodesic motion: theoretical motivations and observational imprints

TL;DR

This paper explores inflationary models with strongly non-geodesic motion in negatively curved field space, highlighting their unique observational signatures such as non-Gaussianities, primordial black holes, and gravitational wave oscillations.

Contribution

It introduces a new class of inflationary attractors with non-geodesic motion, analyzing their theoretical basis and potential observational imprints.

Findings

High non-Gaussianities of flattened type in correlation functions

Transient tachyonic instability affecting fluctuations

Generation of primordial black holes and gravitational wave signatures

Abstract

A new class of inflationary attractors characterized by a strongly non-geodesic motion has been discovered and explored in the past few years. I describe how they naturally arise in negatively curved field space, allowing to inflate on potentials that are steep in Planck units, albeit without alleviating the ever-present naturalness issue of inflation. In these scenarios, fluctuations often experience a transient tachyonic instability, which can be described by a single-field effective field theory with an imaginary speed of sound. Independently of the precise ultraviolet origin of the latter, this leaves a peculiar imprint in the form of a high-level of primordial non-Gaussianities of flattened type for all higher-order correlation functions. On small scales, a transient phase of strongly non-geodesic motion provides a mechanism to generate primordial black holes and can leave specific signatures in the form of oscillations in the frequency profile of the stochastic gravitational wave background.