Constructing an entangled Unruh Otto engine and its efficiency

TL;DR

This paper constructs an entangled Unruh Otto engine using accelerated qubits in different Rindler wedges, analyzing its feasibility and efficiency limitations due to entanglement and motion configurations.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed model of an Otto cycle with entangled qubits in accelerated frames, highlighting conditions for cycle feasibility and efficiency constraints.

Findings

Cycle possible with anti-parallel motion and non-maximal entanglement

Efficiency cannot surpass that of a single-qubit Otto engine

Cycle not feasible with parallel motion or symmetric Bell states

Abstract

Uniformly accelerated frame mimics a thermal bath whose temperature is proportional to the proper acceleration. Using this phenomenon we give a detailed construction of an Otto cycle between two energy eigenstates of a system, consists of two entangled qubits. In the isochoric stages the thermal bath is being provided via the vacuum fluctuations of the background field for a monopole interaction by accelerating them. We find that making of Otto cycle is possible when one qubit is accelerating in the right Rindler wedge and other one is moving in the left Rindler wedge; i.e. in anti-parallel motion, with the initial composite state is a non-maximally entangled one. However, the efficiency greater than that of the usual single qubit quantum Otto engine is not possible. We provide values of the available parameters which make Otto cycle possible. On the other hand, Otto cycle is not possible if one considers the non-maximally entangled state for parallel motion. Moreover, for both initial symmetric and anti-symmetric Bell states we do not find any possibility of the cycle for qubits' parallel and anti-parallel motion.