Contribution to understanding the phase structure of strong interaction matter: Lee-Yang edge singularities from lattice QCD

TL;DR

This paper investigates the phase structure of strong interaction matter by analyzing Lee-Yang edge singularities in lattice QCD, providing insights into phase transitions through complex plane singularities.

Contribution

It introduces a method to identify Lee-Yang edge singularities in lattice QCD data using rational function approximations and pole analysis.

Findings

Pole positions align with theoretical expectations near phase transitions

Temperature scaling follows predicted power law behavior

Results enhance understanding of QCD phase structure

Abstract

We present a calculation of the net baryon number density as a function of imaginary baryon number chemical potential, obtained with highly improved staggered quarks (HISQ) at temporal lattice extent of $N_\tau=4,6$. We construct various rational function approximations of the lattice data and discuss how poles in the complex plane can be determined from them. We compare our results of the singularities in the chemical potential plane to the theoretically expected positions of the Lee-Yang edge singularity in the vicinity of the Roberge-Weiss and chiral phase transitions. We find a temperature scaling that is in accordance with the expected power law behavior.