A lightweight two-layer blockchain mechanism for reliable crossing-domain communication in smart cities

TL;DR

This paper introduces a lightweight two-layer blockchain system designed to enable secure, reliable, and efficient cross-domain communication among smart cities with diverse IoT devices.

Contribution

It proposes a novel two-layer blockchain architecture with a new block structure and a reputation-based consensus protocol tailored for smart city IoT environments.

Findings

The scheme ensures secure and reliable data sharing across smart cities.

Performance evaluation confirms the system's efficiency and practicality.

The consensus protocol resists node collusion attacks.

Abstract

The smart city is an emerging notion that is leveraging the Internet of Things (IoT) technique to achieve more comfortable, smart and controllable cities. The communications crossing domains between smart cities is indispensable to enhance collaborations. However, crossing-domain communications are more vulnerable since there are in different domains. Moreover, there are huge different devices with different computation capabilities, from sensors to the cloud servers. In this paper, we propose a lightweight two-layer blockchain mechanism for reliable crossing-domain communication in smart cities. Our mechanism provides a reliable communication mechanism for data sharing and communication between smart cities. We defined a two-layer blockchain structure for the communications inner and between smart cities to achieve reliable communications. We present a new block structure for the lightweight IoT devices. Moreover, we present a reputation-based multi-weight consensus protocol in order to achieve efficient communication while resistant to the nodes collusion attack for the proposed blockchain system. We also conduct a secure analysis to demonstrate the security of the proposed scheme. Finally, performance evaluation shows that our scheme is efficient and practical.