Malicious Mode Attack on EV Coordinated Charging Load and MIADRC Defense Strategy

TL;DR

This paper identifies a new cyberattack on EV charging systems that can cause power system instability and proposes a defense strategy using active disturbance rejection control to enhance stability.

Contribution

It introduces a novel malicious mode attack model on EV charging loads and develops a multi-index active disturbance rejection control strategy for mitigation.

Findings

MMA can induce high-amplitude oscillations threatening power stability.

The proposed defense improves system robustness against MMA.

Simulations confirm the effectiveness of the attack model and defense strategy.

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) provides a salient communication environment to facilitate the coordinated charging of electric vehicle (EV) load. However, as IoT is connected with the public network, the coordinated charging system is in a low-level cyber security and greatly vulnerable to malicious attacks. This paper investigates the malicious mode attack (MMA), which is a new cyberattack pattern that simultaneously attacks massive EV charging piles to generate continuous sinusoidal power disturbance with the same frequency as the poorly-damped wide-area electromechanical mode. Thereby, high amplitude forced oscillations could be stimulated by MMA, which seriously threats the power system stability. First, the potential threat of MMA is clarified by investigating the vulnerability of the IoT-based coordinated charging load control system, and an MMA process like Mirai is pointed out as an example. And then, based on the attack process, an MMA model is established for impact analysis where expressions of the mean and stochastic responses of the MMA forced oscillation are derived to discover main impact factors. Further, to mitigate the impact of MMA, a defense strategy based on multi-index information active disturbance rejection control is proposed to improve the stability and anti-disturbance ability of the power system, which considers the impact factors of both mode damping and disturbance compensation. Simulations are conducted to verify the existence and characteristics of MMA threats, and the efficiency of the proposed defense strategy is also validated.