A Personalized Diagnostic Generation Framework Based on Multi-source Heterogeneous Data

TL;DR

This paper presents a framework that integrates multi-source heterogeneous data, including images and reports, to generate personalized diagnoses, matching pathologist performance and offering insights for tailored treatment.

Contribution

It introduces a novel method combining image features and report analysis to produce personalized diagnoses from diverse data sources.

Findings

Framework matches pathologist diagnosis accuracy for renal cell carcinoma

Uses nuclei-level image features and deep learning for patient grouping

Provides insights into prognostic factors for personalized treatment

Abstract

Personalized diagnoses have not been possible due to sear amount of data pathologists have to bear during the day-to-day routine. This lead to the current generalized standards that are being continuously updated as new findings are reported. It is noticeable that these effective standards are developed based on a multi-source heterogeneous data, including whole-slide images and pathology and clinical reports. In this study, we propose a framework that combines pathological images and medical reports to generate a personalized diagnosis result for individual patient. We use nuclei-level image feature similarity and content-based deep learning method to search for a personalized group of population with similar pathological characteristics, extract structured prognostic information from descriptive pathology reports of the similar patient population, and assign importance of different prognostic factors to generate a personalized pathological diagnosis result. We use multi-source heterogeneous data from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database. The result demonstrate that our framework matches the performance of pathologists in the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. This framework is designed to be generic, thus could be applied for other types of cancer. The weights could provide insights to the known prognostic factors and further guide more precise clinical treatment protocols.