Energy density balance during shock wave implosion in water

TL;DR

This paper presents an analytical model for the evolution of shock waves during implosion in water, explaining experimental observations and identifying key parameters influencing shock dynamics.

Contribution

The model describes shock wave behavior in an intermediate convergence radius range, bridging experimental data and theoretical understanding.

Findings

Shock velocity depends on initial compression, adiabatic index, and geometry.

Transition to self-similar shock velocity increase occurs at a specific radius.

Internal and kinetic energy fluxes are equal across shock radii, matching experimental data.

Abstract

Analytical modeling of the evolution of cylindrical and spherical shock waves (shocks) during an implosion in water is presented for an intermediate range of convergence radii. Up to now this range is determined only in experiments observations as a range of implosion radii which are already far from the piston influence, but yet not described by well-known self-similar solutions. The model is based on an analysis of the change in pressure and kinetic energy density, as well as on the corresponding fluxes of internal and kinetic energy densities behind the shock front. It shows that the spatial evolution of the shock velocity strongly depends on the initial compression, the adiabatic index of water, and the geometry of convergence. The model also explains the transition to a rapid like self-similar increase in the shock velocity at only a certain radius of the shock that is observed in experiments. The dependence of the threshold radius, where the shock implosion follows the power law (quasi self-similarity), on the initial compression is determined. It is stated that in the entire range of the shock radii the internal and kinetic energy density fluxes are equal, which is in agreement with known experimental data.