Topological defects in superconducting open nanotubes under gradual and abrupt switch-on of the transport current and magnetic field

TL;DR

This paper investigates how superconducting open nanotubes respond to changing magnetic fields and currents, revealing vortex dynamics, phase-slip transitions, hysteresis effects, and the influence of switching methods on their behavior.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of vortex and phase-slip dynamics in superconducting nanotubes under different switching protocols using the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau model.

Findings

Gradual switching weakly affects vortex-phase slip transition

Abrupt switching induces phase-slip regime within certain parameters

Hysteresis in current-voltage characteristics is predicted

Abstract

We analyze the dynamics of the order parameter in superconducting open nanotubes under a strong transport current in an external homogeneous magnetic field using the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation. Near the critical transport current, the dissipation processes are driven by vortex and phase slip dynamics. The transition between the vortex and phase-slip regimes is found to depend on the external magnetic field only weakly if the magnetic field and/or the transport current are switched on gradually. In the case of an abrupt switch-on of the magnetic field or transport current, the system can be triggered to the stable phase-slip regime, within a certain window of parameters. Finally, a hysteresis effect in the current-voltage characteristics is predicted in superconducting open nanotubes.