Holographic application in cosmology: Thermodynamics of the Van der Waals cosmic fluid

TL;DR

This paper explores the thermodynamic stability of a Van der Waals cosmic fluid in a flat FRW universe, analyzing its physical parameters, thermodynamic laws, and stability conditions to understand universe evolution.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed thermodynamic analysis of Van der Waals fluid in cosmology, including stability and law compliance, which is a novel application in this context.

Findings

The Van der Waals fluid can satisfy the third law of thermodynamics.

Thermal stability depends on specific heat and adiabatic conditions.

The model provides insights into universe evolution with thermodynamic considerations.

Abstract

This paper is devoted to investigate the thermodynamic stability of a generic cosmological fluid known as Van der Waals fluid in the context of flat FRW universe. It is treated as a perfect fluid that obeys the equation of state $P=\frac{\gamma\rho}{1-\beta\rho}-\alpha\rho^{2}, 0\leq\gamma<1$, where $\rho$ stands for energy density and $P$ stands for pressure of the fluid. In this regard, we discuss the behavior of physical parameters to analyze the evolution of the universe. We investigate whether the cosmological scenario fulfills the third law of thermodynamics using specific heat formalism. Next we discuss the thermal equation of state and by means of adiabatic, specific heat and isothermal conditions from classical thermodynamics we examine the thermal stability.