Spectrally multiplexed and ultrabright entangled photon pairs in a lithium niobate microresonator

TL;DR

This paper reports on an on-chip lithium niobate microresonator that generates ultrabright, broadband, and multiplexed entangled photon pairs suitable for scalable quantum networks, without the need for domain poling.

Contribution

The work introduces a novel lithium niobate microresonator that produces broadband, multiplexed entangled photon pairs with high purity and generation rate, enhancing integrated quantum photonics capabilities.

Findings

Photon pairs with 30 nm bandwidth demonstrated

Generation rate of 5.13 MHz/μW achieved

High purity and energy-time entanglement confirmed

Abstract

On-chip bright quantum sources with multiplexing ability are extremely high in demand for the integrated quantum networks with unprecedented scalability and complexity. Here, we demonstrate an ultrabright and broadband biphoton quantum source generated in a lithium niobate microresonator system.Without introducing the conventional domain poling, the on-chip microdisk produces entangled photon pairs covering a broad bandwidth promised by natural phase matching in spontaneous parametric down conversion.Experimentally, the multiplexed photon pairs are characterized by $30\ \rm nm$ bandwidth limited by the filtering system, which can be furthered enlarged.Meanwhile, the generation rate reaches $5.13\ {\rm MHz}/\upmu \rm W$ with a coincidence-to-accidental ratio up to $804$.Besides, the quantum source manifests the prominent purity with heralded single photon correlation $g_H^{(2)}(0)=0.0098\pm0.0021$ and energy-time entanglement with excellent interference visibility of $96.5\%\pm1.9\%$. Such quantum sources at the telecommunication band pave the way for high-dimensional entanglement and future integrated quantum information systems.