Composite fermion mass enhancement and particle-hole symmetry of fractional quantum Hall states in the lowest Landau level under realistic conditions

TL;DR

This study investigates how realistic effects like finite magnetic fields influence particle-hole symmetry and composite fermion properties in the lowest Landau level fractional quantum Hall states, revealing partial symmetry breaking.

Contribution

It provides a theoretical analysis of particle-hole symmetry breaking due to finite magnetic fields, focusing on composite fermion effective mass and energy gaps under realistic conditions.

Findings

Particle-hole symmetry is broken in energy gaps between conjugate states.

Effective mass of composite fermions largely preserves particle-hole symmetry.

Results connect theoretical predictions with recent experimental observations.

Abstract

Particle-hole symmetry breaking in the fractional quantum Hall effect has recently been studied both theoretically and experimentally with most works focusing on non-Abelian states in the second electronic Landau level. In this work, we theoretically investigate particle-hole symmetry breaking of incompressible fractional quantum Hall states in the lowest Landau level under the influence of the realistic effect of a finite magnetic field strength. A finite magnetic field induces Landau level and sub-band mixing which are known to break particle-hole symmetry at the level of the Hamiltonian. We analyze the Haldane pseudopotentials, energy spectra and energy gaps, and the wave functions themselves, under realistic conditions. We find that particle-hole symmetry is broken, as determined by energy gaps, between states related via particle-hole conjugation, however, we find that particle-hole symmetry is largely maintained as determined by the effective mass of composite fermions. Finally, we comment and make connection to recent experimental observations regarding particle-hole symmetry in the lowest Landau level fractional quantum Hall effect [Pan et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 156801 (2020)]