Enhancement of charm CP violation due to nearby resonances

TL;DR

This paper proposes that nearby scalar resonances can enhance CP violation in charm decays within the Standard Model, potentially explaining LHCb's observations without invoking new physics.

Contribution

It introduces a resonance-based mechanism within the Standard Model to account for observed CP violation in charm decays, challenging the need for new physics explanations.

Findings

Resonances like $f_0(1710)$ and $f_0(1790)$ can enhance CP violation effects.

Standard Model calculations are compatible with LHCb's measurements.

Further experimental data on these resonances is needed.

Abstract

Quantitative understanding of CP violation is extremely important as naturalness reasoning strongly suggests that new physics should be accompanied by beyond the Standard Model CP-odd phases. In 2019 LHCb made the first $5 \sigma$ discovery of CP violation in the charm system, leading to the new world average $\Delta a_{CP}^{\mathrm{dir}} = -0.00161 \pm 0.00028$. While some calculations have found this observation as requiring new physics, we suggest that scalar resonances nearby to $m_{D^0}$, in particular, $f_0(1710)$ and/or $f_0(1790)$ cause enhancements for CP violation within the SM. Thereby, our calculations based on the Standard Model suggest compatibility with the LHCb observations for now. However, experimental information especially on $f_0(1790)$ is rather sparse limiting our accuracy and further data on these resonances is strongly advocated.