Designing Language Technologies for Social Good: The Road not Taken

TL;DR

This paper proposes principled methodologies for prioritizing language technologies aimed at social good, emphasizing user inclusion and aligning development with end-user preferences, addressing gaps in current LT4SG practices.

Contribution

It introduces new prioritization techniques inspired by Economics, Ethics, Psychology, and Participatory Design for inclusive LT4SG development.

Findings

Analyzes existing LT4SG efforts using the proposed methodologies.

Identifies hidden assumptions and potential pitfalls in current practices.

Provides a framework applicable beyond language technologies for AI for Social Good.

Abstract

Development of speech and language technology for social good (LT4SG), especially those targeted at the welfare of marginalized communities and speakers of low-resource and under-served languages, has been a prominent theme of research within NLP, Speech, and the AI communities. Researchers have mostly relied on their individual expertise, experiences or ad hoc surveys for prioritization of language technologies that provide social good to the end-users. This has been criticized by several scholars who argue that work on LT4SG must include the target linguistic communities during the design and development process. However, none of the LT4SG work and their critiques suggest principled techniques for prioritization of the technologies and methods for inclusion of the end-user during the development cycle. Drawing inspiration from the fields of Economics, Ethics, Psychology, and Participatory Design, here we chart out a set of methodologies for prioritizing LT4SG that are aligned with the end-user preferences. We then analyze several LT4SG efforts in light of the proposed methodologies and bring out their hidden assumptions and potential pitfalls. While the current study is limited to language technologies, we believe that the principles and prioritization techniques highlighted here are applicable more broadly to AI for Social Good.