Progress in $x$-dependent partonic distributions from lattice QCD

TL;DR

This paper reviews recent advances in lattice QCD calculations of the x-dependent partonic distributions within hadrons, highlighting theoretical refinements, new directions, and potential phenomenological impacts.

Contribution

It summarizes the latest methodological improvements and exploratory efforts in computing various partonic distributions from lattice QCD, including GPDs and TMDs.

Findings

Progress in lattice techniques for x-dependent distributions

Exploration of distributions beyond leading twist and flavor-singlet

Potential influence of lattice results on phenomenology

Abstract

We review the latest progress in lattice QCD calculations of the partonic structure of hadrons. This structure is, in particular, described in terms of $x$-dependent distributions, the simplest of which are the standard parton distribution functions (PDFs). The lattice calculations rely on matrix elements probing spatial correlations between partons in a boosted hadron, that can be matched to light-cone correlations defining the relevant distributions. We discuss the recent theoretical and practical refinements of this strategy, as well as new exploratory directions. The latter include generalized parton distributions (GPDs), distributions beyond leading twist, flavor-singlet distributions and transverse-momentum dependent PDFs (TMDs). We also shortly consider the potential future impact of lattice data on phenomenology.