High-Dimensional Entanglement of Photonic Angular Qudits

TL;DR

This paper introduces a method to generate and quantify high-dimensional entangled photonic states using orbital angular momentum and angular slits, advancing quantum information capabilities.

Contribution

It presents a novel approach to create and analytically quantify high-dimensional entanglement in photonic systems using diffraction masks and OAM correlations.

Findings

Concurrence quantification for high-dimensional entanglement

Numerical analysis of entanglement as a function of slit aperture

Enhanced methods for preparing and characterizing high-dimensional quantum states

Abstract

We propose a method for generation of entangled photonic states in high dimensions, the so-called qudits, by exploiting quantum correlations of Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) entangled photons, produced via Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion. Diffraction masks containing $N$ angular slits placed in the path of twin photons define a qudit space of dimension $N^2$, spanned by the alternative pathways of OAM-entangled photons. We quantify the high-dimensional entanglement of path-entangled photons by the Concurrence, using an analytic expression valid for pure states. We report numerical results for the Concurrence as a function of the angular aperture size for the case of high-dimensional OAM entanglement and for the case of high-dimensional path entanglement, produced by $N \times M$ angular slits. Our results provide additional means for preparation and characterization of entangled quantum states in high-dimensions, a fundamental resource for quantum simulation and quantum information protocols.