Small moment antiferromagnetic ordering in single crystalline La2Ni7

TL;DR

This study investigates the antiferromagnetic phase transitions in single crystalline La2Ni7, revealing small itinerant magnetic moments, multiple phase lines, and a spin-flop transition, with minimal pressure dependence up to 2 GPa.

Contribution

It provides detailed characterization of magnetic phase transitions and anisotropic properties in La2Ni7, highlighting the small moment, itinerant nature, and complex magnetic phase diagram.

Findings

Three antiferromagnetic transitions at T1=61K, T2=56.5K, T3=42.2K

Small entropy changes indicating itinerant, small magnetic moments

Identification of a spin-flop transition and multiple magnetic phases

Abstract

Single crystals of La2Ni7 have been grown out of a binary, La-Ni melt. Temperature dependent, zero magnetic field, specific heat, electrical resistivity, and low field magnetization measurements indicate that there is a series of antiferromagnetic phase transitions at T1 = 61.0 \pm 0.2 K, T2 = 56.5 \pm 0.2 K and T3 = 42.2 \pm 0.2 K. The three specific heat anomalies found at these temperatures qualitatively have very small entropy changes associated with them and the anisotropic M(H) data saturate at ~ 0.12 {\mu}B/Ni; both observations strongly suggesting the AFM order is associated with very small, itinerant, moments. Anisotropic, H||c and H{\perp}c, {\rho}(H) and M(H) isotherms as well as constant field, {\rho}(T) and M(T) sweeps manifest signatures of multiple phase lines and result in H-T phase diagrams that are clearly anisotropic. Analysis of M(T) and M(H) data allow for the identification of the two lower temperature magnetically ordered states as antiferromagnetically ordered, with the moments aligned along the crystallographic c-axis, and the higher temperature, T2 < T < T1, state as having a finite ferromagnetic component. In addition, the metamagnetic transition at low temperatures, for H applied along the crystallographic c-axis (H||c) appears to be a near classic example of a spin-flop transition, resulting in a field stabilized antiferromagnetic state with the moments ordered perpendicular to the c-axis. Although the small moment ordering, and existence of multiple phase transitions in field and temperature, suggesting an energetic proximity of these states, could foretell a degree of pressure sensitivity, our measurements of R(T) for applied pressures up to 2.0 GPa indicate that there is very little pressure dependence of T1, T2 and T3.