The Grand Canonical Multiverse and the Small Cosmological Constant

TL;DR

This paper models the Multiverse as a statistical ensemble, deriving a naturally small cosmological constant without anthropic reasoning, and introduces a quantization approach that predicts the Multiverse's temperature and interprets a single universe as a superposition of states.

Contribution

It presents a novel statistical physics framework for the Multiverse, deriving a small cosmological constant and quantizing it to connect with observable parameters.

Findings

Cosmological constant is exponentially small in the multiverse model

Quantization of the CC predicts the Multiverse's temperature

Single universe can be viewed as a superposition of energy eigenstates

Abstract

We consider the Multiverse as an ensemble of universes. Using standard statistical physics analysis we get that the Cosmological Constant (CC) is exponentially small. The small and finite CC is achieved without any anthropic reasoning. We then quantize the CC. The quantization allows a precise summation of the possible contributions and using the measured value of the CC yields a prediction on the temperature of the Multiverse that we define. Furthermore, quantization allows the interpretation of a single Universe as a superposition of different eigenstates with different energy levels rather than the existence of an actual Multiverse.